maxfwd Module

Bogdan-Andrei Iancu

Voice Sistem SRL

Edited by

Bogdan-Andrei Iancu


Table of Contents

1. Admin Guide
1. Overview
2. Dependencies
2.1. Kamailio Modules
2.2. External Libraries or Applications
3. Parameters
3.1. max_limit (integer)
4. Functions
4.1. maxfwd_process(max_value)
4.2. mf_process_maxfwd_header(max_value)
4.3. process_maxfwd(max_value)
4.4. is_maxfwd_lt(max_value)
4.5. maxfwd_at_least(max_value)
4.6. mf_lowlimit(max_value)

List of Examples

1.1. Set max_limit parameter
1.2. maxfwd_process usage
1.3. is_maxfwd_lt usage

Chapter 1. Admin Guide

1. Overview

The module implements all the operations regarding MaX-Forward header field, like adding it (if not present) or decrementing and checking the value of the existent one.

2. Dependencies

2.1. Kamailio Modules

The following modules must be loaded before this module:

  • No dependencies on other Kamailio modules.

2.2. External Libraries or Applications

The following libraries or applications must be installed before running Kamailio with this module loaded:

  • None.

3. Parameters

3.1. max_limit (integer)

Set an upper limit for the max-forward value in the outgoing requests. If the header is present, the decremented value is not allowed to exceed this max_limits - if it does, the header value will by decreased to “max_limit”.

Note: This check is done when calling the maxfwd_process() function.

The range of values stretches from 1 to 256, which is the maximum MAX-FORWARDS value allowed by RFC 3261. Its value can be changed at runtime.

Default value is “256”.

Example 1.1. Set max_limit parameter

...
modparam("maxfwd", "max_limit", 32)
...

4. Functions

4.1.  maxfwd_process(max_value)

If no Max-Forward header is present in the received request, a header will be added having the original value equal with “max_value”. If a Max-Forward header is already present, its value will be decremented (if not 0). The parameter can be a variable.

Retuning codes:

  • 2 (true) - header was not found and a new header was succesfully added.

  • 1 (true) - header was found and its value was successfully decremented (had a non-0 value).

  • -1 (false) - the header was found and its value is 0 (cannot be decremented).

  • -2 (false) - error during processing.

The return code may be extensivly tested via script variable “retcode” (or “$?”).

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • max_value - Value to be added if there is no Max-Forwards header field in the message.

This function can be used from REQUEST_ROUTE.

Example 1.2. maxfwd_process usage

...
# initial sanity checks -- messages with
# max_forwards==0, or excessively long requests
if (!maxfwd_process("10") && $retcode==-1) {
	sl_send_reply("483","Too Many Hops");
	exit;
};
...

4.2.  mf_process_maxfwd_header(max_value)

Same as maxfwd_process(max_value).

4.3.  process_maxfwd(max_value)

Same as maxfwd_process(max_value).

4.4.  is_maxfwd_lt(max_value)

Checks if the Max-Forward header value is less then the “max_value” parameter value. It considers also the value of the new inserted header (if locally added). The parameter can be a variable.

Retuning codes:

  • 1 (true) - header was found or set and its value is stricly less than “max_value”.

  • -1 (false) - the header was found or set and its value is greater or equal to “max_value”.

  • -2 (false) - header was not found or not set.

  • -3 (false) - error during processing.

The return code may be extensivly tested via script variable “retcode” (or “$?”).

Meaning of the parameters is as follows:

  • max_value - value to check the Max-Forward.value against (as less than).

Example 1.3. is_maxfwd_lt usage

...
# next hope is a gateway, so make no sens to
# forward if MF is 0 (after decrement)
if ( is_maxfwd_lt("1") ) {
	sl_send_reply("483","Too Many Hops");
	exit;
};
...

4.5.  maxfwd_at_least(max_value)

Same as is_maxfwd_lt(max_value).

4.6.  mf_lowlimit(max_value)

Same as is_maxfwd_lt(max_value).